In the domain of turbocharger, variable geometry turbo is the next generation technology where different types of vanes are used by the turbo in order to control the flow of exhaust against the blades of the turbine. A variable geometry turbo has proven to be very useful when it comes to working under sow engine speed. Also known as variable geometry turbocharger (VGT), or Variable Nozzle Turbine (VNT), these turbo chargers are equipped with a special kind of mechanism, which is known as Variable Turbine Geometry. They have very little vanes, which can direct the flow of exhaust onto the blades of the turbine. An actuator is used to adjust the angles of the vanes. In order to achieve optimized turbine behavior; the angles of the vanes vary throughout the RPM of the engine.
What Are the Benefits of Using Variable Geometry Turbo?
As opposed to some of the traditional designs available in the market, a variable geometry turbo has wide range of different types of benefits to offer. Here are a few of them
With these machines, there are no chances of throttling loss as far as wastegate valves are concerned
These machines offer a higher fuel-air ratio. Besides, they also come with higher peak torque
The help in achieving enhanced vehicle accelerations. What makes this machine so special is the fact that there is no need to resort to turbines which can result in high pumping loss.
As far as the difference between the intake manifold and exhaust manifold pressures are concerned; it is quite low.
They have the capacity for covering a wider region of low BSFC, as far as engine load-speed is concerned.
They have capable of providing engine braking mechanism
In order to facilitate the process of after-treatment system management, these machines can raise the exhaust temperature.
Functions and Parts of a Variable Geometry Turbo
A Variable Geometry Turbo comes with two major components; a compressor and a turbine. One of the main functions of the turbine is to look for waste exhaust heat and then convert it into rational motion. The compressor is moved with the help of this rational motion which is generated.
One of the main purposes of using a Variable Geometry Turbo is the fact that it helps to overcome one of the major drawbacks of an internal combustion engine; which is the volumetric efficiency limit.
What Are the Different Types of Variable Geometry Turbo Available?
There are different types of these machines that are used in the automotive industry. Here are some of them
Single Turbo: These turbomachines are very cost-effective and has proven to be very useful for increasing the power of the engine. They offer optimum level of performance when operated in a narrow range of RPM
Twin Turbo: These are expensive compared to single turbomachines. However, when it comes to generating a high rate of RPM, they have proven to be very effective and efficient.
Twin-Scroll Turbo: This type of turbo machine helps to generate more energy, which in turn ensures that more power is produced
Variable Geometry Turbo Charger: These turbo chargers are primarily used in diesel engines and they can increase the rate of energy generation by a great extent
Apart from these, there are different other types of Variable Geometry Turbo which are used in the automotive industry. What makes these turbo chargers so popular is the fact that they have proven to be very effective in generating maximum amount of thrust and energy in a small span of time. Given the multiple different utilities which they have to offer, the use of these turbo chargers has become indispensable in the automotive sector.
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